By buy we mean buying a solution from a single vendor. It is unlikely that one vendor can
themselves provide all the elements that are needed, but there are three possibilities here
-
buy a solution from a supplier that can provide (nearly) all the components that are needed to
make up a VLE including student record
-
buy a majority of the components from a single supplier with a turnkey contract from them to
integrate the other components from other suppliers
-
commission a system integrator to buy or build systems and integrate them as a turnkey
solution
They primary point is that the development is being done by a third party who assumes
responsibility for the delivery of the system. As with outsourcing and public finance initiative (PFI)
projects it is essential to ensure that the contract meets the institution's needs and contains
sufficient flexibility at a realistic cost. There is a real danger that the loss of flexibility that comes
from being in the hands of an external supplier will prevent the MLE from meeting the institution's
needs at a manageable cost.
However, that said, it is a relatively common solution in US for universities to buy an integrated
product covering the core applications from a single supplier such as SAP or PeopleSoft, but it is
very uncommon here, with the University of Newcastle being the best known example.
It is worth noting that the equivalent in industry is Enterprise Requirements Planning (ERP)
systems and more recently Customer Relations Management (CRM) systems that have been
widely adopted. However it also needs to be noted that many of the attempted implementations
have either failed or failed to deliver much of their promise. It should also be noted that this is
typically not the result of a failure of the technology failure so much as a failure to adequately
address the "soft issues" around changing the human systems and staff development.
It is not clear why the take up of these systems are much lower in UK education, though likely
causes include
-
the high capital cost
-
systems are not seen as strategic, so each system is owned and chosen by different
departments
-
many institutions do not see themselves as businesses
-
many institutions believe that they are unique, and so different from all others that they cannot
believe that a standard solution will work
There are few suppliers that can claim to be able to supply all the components that are needed to
develop an MLE and even then they are unlikely to be able to provide all the systems that are
needed. The companies involved mostly come from an Enterprise Resource Planning background
and have developed systems that were intended for large commercial organisations. Obvious
examples of these are Peoplesoft
http://www.peoplesoft.com/corp/en/public_index.jsp
and SAP http://www.sap.com/. FD Learning
http://www.fdlearning.com/
claim to offer all the components
needed for an MLE.
However, because a supplier is able to supply all the systems does not mean that they can be
used as are and significant and (generally) expensive modifications are almost certain to be
needed, and typically these are not all identified at the outset so that the scale and cost of this can
grow during the project.